we, both owners and professionals, are failing to recognise pain and lameness in our horses, but there is technology available now that...

Farriery has, up till recently, been largely based on anecdotal evidence and experiential opinion. We are entering a new era of...

There is much debate about the ideal angle for the pedal bone to sit at in relation to the ground. Some sects suggest a palmar angle of 0...

Winter is coming and with it comes the rain and mud and boggy fields. The reality is in the wild horses would never choose to stand in...

For thousands of years horses roamed the grasslands, surviving, thriving and all without the need for something applied to the bottom of...

Nature has an inherent ability to improve, to adapt, to survive and to overcome. The miracle of the evolutionary complexities that it...

Hoof pastern axis (HPA) is a term for the relationship between the hoof and the pastern. There are three categories for HPA; broken back,...

Tensegrity, a combination of the words “tension” and “integrity”, is a principle that has been used in structural engineering for...

Every biological entity is made up of systems upon systems, existing in symbiosis for the collective good. Even our own evolutionary...

Social norms are a collective representation of acceptable group conduct and an individual’s perception of their particular groups...